Progesterone

CPT Code(s):
84144

Turnaround Time:
4 hours

Specimen Requirements

Preferred Specimen:
Serum

Minimum Volume:
1.0 mL

Transport Container:
Serum Separator Tube (SST) or Red Top Tube

Transport Temperature:
Room Temperature

Collection Instructions:
Allow blood to clot completely prior to centrifugation. Separate serum from cells within 45 minutes of collection.

Rejection Criteria:
Plasma specimen; gross hemolysis; lipemia; improper labeling

Stability Criteria

Room Temperature:
24 hours

Refrigerated:
5 days

Frozen:
30 days

Clinical Significance

Progesterone is a clinically significant diagnostic tool used to measure the levels of progesterone hormone in a patient's blood. Progesterone plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, making this test valuable in various clinical scenarios.

The specific clinical significance and diagnostic use of Progesterone include:

1. Assessing Ovulation: Progesterone levels rise after ovulation and remain elevated during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Measuring progesterone levels helps confirm if ovulation has occurred, which is essential for couples trying to conceive or for assessing the effectiveness of fertility treatments.

2. Evaluating Menstrual Irregularities: Progesterone levels can provide insights into the cause of menstrual irregularities such as absent or irregular periods. Low progesterone levels may indicate anovulation or luteal phase defects, while high levels may suggest conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome.

3. Confirming Pregnancy: Progesterone is crucial for maintaining pregnancy as it helps prepare the uterine lining and supports implantation. A Progesterone can confirm the viability of an early pregnancy by measuring the progesterone levels. Low progesterone levels in early pregnancy may indicate an increased risk of miscarriage.

4. Monitoring Pregnancy: Progesterone levels are important in monitoring the health and progression of pregnancy. Serial Progesterone tests can assess the adequacy of progesterone production by the placenta, ensuring proper support for the developing fetus. Abnormal progesterone levels during pregnancy may indicate a higher risk of complications such as preterm labor or gestational diabetes.

5. Assessing Corpus Luteum Function: The corpus luteum, a temporary structure formed after ovulation, produces progesterone. A Progesterone can help evaluate the function of the corpus luteum, particularly in cases of luteal phase defects or suspected corpus luteum insufficiency.

6. Monitoring Hormone Replacement Therapy: Progesterone is often prescribed as part of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. Monitoring progesterone levels ensures that the therapy is achieving the desired hormonal balance and helps adjust the dosage if needed.

It is important to note that the timing of Progesterone is crucial, as progesterone levels vary throughout the menstrual cycle. The test is typically performed during the mid-luteal phase, around 7-9 days after ovulation, or as directed by a healthcare provider.

In summary, Progesterone is clinically significant in assessing ovulation, evaluating menstrual irregularities, confirming and monitoring pregnancy, assessing corpus luteum function, and monitoring hormone replacement therapy. It provides valuable information for fertility assessments, pregnancy management, and hormonal therapy optimization. The test results, in conjunction with other clinical information, aid healthcare providers in making informed decisions and providing appropriate care for patients.