Sex Hormone-binding Globulin (SHBG)
CPT Code(s):
84270
Turnaround Time:
4 hours
Specimen Requirements
Preferred Specimen:
Serum
Minimum Volume:
1.0 mL
Transport Container:
Serum Separator Tube (SST) or Red Top Tube
Transport Temperature:
Room Temperature
Collection Instructions:
Allow blood to clot completely prior to centrifugation. Separate serum from cells within 45 minutes of collection.
Rejection Criteria:
Citrate, Fluoride,Sodium Heparin, or EDTA plasma specimen; gross hemolysis; lipemia; improper labeling
Stability Criteria
Room Temperature:
4 hours
Refrigerated:
6 days
Frozen:
30 days
Clinical Significance
The Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) test is a diagnostic tool used to measure the levels of SHBG in a patient's blood. It has specific clinical significance and diagnostic use in the following ways:
1. Assessment of Hormonal Imbalance: SHBG is a protein that binds to sex hormones, such as testosterone and estradiol, in the blood. By measuring SHBG levels, healthcare providers can assess the balance of these hormones in the body. Abnormal SHBG levels can indicate hormonal imbalances, such as low or high levels of testosterone or estrogen. This information is helpful in diagnosing and managing conditions related to hormonal imbalances, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hypogonadism, and certain liver diseases.
2. Evaluation of Androgen Excess or Deficiency: SHBG levels are closely related to androgen (e.g., testosterone) levels in the body. Low SHBG levels can result in increased free or bioavailable testosterone, leading to symptoms of androgen excess, such as hirsutism (excessive hair growth), acne, and menstrual irregularities. High SHBG levels, on the other hand, can reduce the availability of free testosterone, resulting in symptoms of androgen deficiency, such as low libido, fatigue, and mood changes. SHBG helps assess the balance between bound and free testosterone and aids in diagnosing and monitoring conditions related to androgen excess or deficiency.
3. Monitoring Hormone Replacement Therapy: SHBG is also valuable in monitoring the effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in both men and women. HRT involves the administration of hormones, such as testosterone or estrogen, to restore hormonal balance. Regular monitoring of SHBG levels can help healthcare providers adjust the hormone dosage and assess the response to therapy, ensuring optimal therapeutic outcomes while minimizing the risk of side effects.
4. Assessing Risk for Certain Conditions: SHBG levels can be associated with the risk of developing certain conditions. For example, low SHBG levels have been linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. High SHBG levels, on the other hand, have been associated with a decreased risk of these conditions. Measuring SHBG levels can provide additional information for assessing an individual's risk profile and informing preventive measures and treatment strategies.
It is important to note that the interpretation of SHBG results should be done in conjunction with clinical evaluation and consideration of other factors, such as symptoms, medical history, and other hormone test results. SHBG levels can be influenced by various factors, including age, sex, liver function, thyroid status, and certain medications. Therefore, the test should be interpreted by healthcare professionals experienced in hormone analysis and its clinical implications.
In summary, SHBG is a valuable tool for assessing hormonal balance, diagnosing hormonal imbalances, evaluating androgen excess or deficiency, monitoring hormone replacement therapy, and assessing the risk for certain conditions. It helps healthcare providers make informed decisions regarding patient management and treatment strategies related to hormonal health.