Urinalysis, Microscopic
CPT Code(s):
81001
Turnaround Time:
8 hours
Specimen Requirements
Preferred Specimen:
Urine
Minimum Volume:
5.0 mL
Transport Container:
Yellow Top Tube or Sterile Cup
Transport Temperature:
Room Temperature
Collection Instructions:
Clean catch, mid - stream collection
Rejection Criteria:
Specimen received outside stability requirements; Excessive blood, particulates, viscosity present
Stability Criteria
Room Temperature:
4 hours
Refrigerated:
72 hours
Frozen:
Unacceptable
Clinical Significance
The Urinalysis, Microscopic test has specific clinical significance and diagnostic use in evaluating the components of a patient's urine at a microscopic level. Here are key points regarding its clinical significance:
1. Detection of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): The Urinalysis, Microscopic test helps in the diagnosis of UTIs by examining the urine sediment for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (indicating inflammation), and red blood cells. Abnormal findings can indicate an ongoing infection in the urinary tract.
2. Evaluation of Kidney Function: The test allows assessment of the kidneys' ability to filter waste products and maintain proper fluid and electrolyte balance. Microscopic examination can reveal the presence of cellular casts, which are formed when cellular debris accumulates in the tubules of the kidneys. Different types of casts may suggest specific kidney diseases or disorders.
3. Diagnosis of Kidney Stones: Microscopic examination of the urine sediment can identify crystals present in the urine, indicating the formation of kidney stones. Specific types of crystals can help determine the composition of the stones and guide treatment decisions.
4. Assessment of Glomerular Function: The presence of abnormal amounts of proteins in the urine, such as albumin, can be indicative of glomerular dysfunction, as seen in conditions like glomerulonephritis or diabetic nephropathy. Microscopic examination can identify the presence of proteinuria and provide valuable information for the evaluation and management of kidney disorders.
5. Monitoring Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease: Urinalysis, Microscopic test plays a role in monitoring individuals with diabetes for the presence of proteinuria and other abnormalities. Persistent proteinuria in diabetic patients may indicate the development or progression of diabetic kidney disease.
6. Detection of Blood Disorders: Examination of red blood cells in the urine sediment can provide insights into various blood disorders, such as hematuria (presence of blood in the urine) and conditions affecting the urinary tract or kidneys.
7. Assessment of Renal Tubular Function: The test allows the identification of specific types of cells or casts in the urine that may suggest dysfunction of the renal tubules. This information aids in diagnosing and managing tubular disorders, such as acute tubular necrosis or renal tubular acidosis.
In summary, the Urinalysis, Microscopic test is clinically significant in diagnosing and monitoring various urinary and kidney-related conditions. It helps in the detection of UTIs, assessment of kidney function, diagnosis of kidney stones, evaluation of glomerular function, monitoring diabetes and diabetic kidney disease, detection of blood disorders, and assessment of renal tubular function. The results of the test provide valuable information for diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring of urinary and kidney disorders.