Valproic Acid
CPT Code(s):
80164
Turnaround Time:
4 hours
Specimen Requirements
Preferred Specimen:
Serum
Minimum Volume:
1.0 mL
Transport Container:
Red Top Tube
Transport Temperature:
Room Temperature
Collection Instructions:
Allow blood to clot completely prior to centrifugation. Separate serum from cells within 45 minutes of collection.
Rejection Criteria:
Citrate, Fluoride,Sodium Heparin, or EDTA plasma specimen; specimen received on red cells gross hemolysis; lipemia; improper labeling
Stability Criteria
Room Temperature:
8 hours
Refrigerated:
2 days
Frozen:
30 days
Clinical Significance
Valproic Acid has specific clinical significance and diagnostic use in monitoring the levels of valproic acid, a medication commonly prescribed for the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. Here are key points regarding its clinical significance:
1. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Valproic acid is a medication with a narrow therapeutic index, meaning that maintaining its blood levels within a specific range is crucial for optimal treatment outcomes. Valproic Acid is used to monitor the concentration of valproic acid in the blood and ensure that it falls within the therapeutic range. This allows healthcare providers to adjust the dosage as needed to achieve the desired therapeutic effect while avoiding potential toxicity.
2. Individualized Treatment: Different individuals may metabolize valproic acid differently, leading to variations in drug response and potential side effects. Valproic Acid helps healthcare providers tailor the dosage to each patient's specific needs, ensuring effective treatment while minimizing the risk of adverse effects.
3. Assessing Compliance: The test can also be used to assess patient compliance with prescribed valproic acid therapy. If the measured levels of valproic acid are lower than expected, it may indicate poor adherence to the medication regimen. This information can prompt discussions with the patient about medication adherence and potential reasons for non-compliance.
4. Evaluating Drug Interactions: Valproic acid can interact with other medications, potentially affecting its metabolism and blood levels. Monitoring valproic acid levels through the test can help identify drug interactions that may lead to suboptimal therapeutic effects or increased risk of adverse effects. Adjustments in medication dosage or alternative treatment options can be considered in such cases.
5. Assessing Potential Toxicity: Valproic acid, when present in excessive levels, can lead to toxicity, which may manifest as symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, and liver dysfunction. Valproic Acid can detect high levels of valproic acid, helping healthcare providers identify and manage potential toxicity promptly. Regular monitoring of valproic acid levels can prevent or minimize the risk of toxicity-related complications.
In summary, Valproic Acid plays a vital role in monitoring the therapeutic drug levels of valproic acid. It allows healthcare providers to personalize treatment, assess patient compliance, evaluate drug interactions, and prevent potential toxicity. Regular monitoring of valproic acid levels ensures that patients receive the appropriate dosage, maximizing the therapeutic benefits while minimizing the risk of adverse effects.